Building the Dry

Heat transfer is the movement of thermal energy from one system or material to another. It occurs when there is a temperature difference, and energy flows from the warmer object to the cooler one. Heat always flows from hot to cold until thermal equilibrium is reached.

Conduction

Transfer of heat through direct contact in solid materials. Example: a metal rod getting hot on one end when the other is placed in a flame.

Convection

Transfer of heat through the movement of fluids such as air or water. Example: warm air rising from a heater and circulating in a room.

Radiation

Transfer of heat via electromagnetic waves from a hot surface to another object, without requiring a medium like air. Example: feeling heat from the sun or a fire without touching it.